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Functions of Prefrontal Cortex:
- Attention span
- Perseverance
- Judgment
- Impulse control
- Organization
- Self-monitoring & supervision
- Problem solving
- Critical thinking
- Forward thinking
- Learning from experience
- Feeling/express emotion
- Empathy
- Interaction with the limbic system
Problems with Prefrontal Cortex:
- Short attention span
- Distractibility
- Lack of perseverance
- Hyperactivity
- Chronic lateness
- Disorganization
- Procrastination
- No emotions
- Misperceptions
- Poor judgment
- Trouble w/experience learning
- Short-term memory problems
- Social and test anxiety
Functions the Temporal Lobe:
- Dominant Side(usually the left)
- Understanding & processing language
- Intermediate long-term memory
- Auditory learning
- Retrieval of words
- Complex memories
- Visual & auditory processing
- Emotional stability
- Nondominant Side (usually right)
- Recognizing facial expressions
- Decoding vocal intonation
- Rhythm
- Music
- Visual learning
Problems with the Nondominant temporal lobe:
- Difficulty recognizing facial expressions
- Difficulty decoding vocal intonation
- Implicated in social-skills struggles
- Problems w/both Temporal Lobes
- Memory or amnesia
- Headaches or abdominal pain
- Anxiety or fear
- Abnormal sensory perception
- Feelings of déjà vu
- Periods of spaciness or confusion
- Hypergraphia- excessive writing
- Seizures
Problems with the Dominant Temporal Lobe:
- Aggression, internally or externally
- Dark violent thoughts
- Mild paranoia
- Word finding problems
- Auditory processing problems
- Reading difficulties
- Emotional instability
Functions of Basal Ganglia:
- Integrates feeling of movement
- Smoothes fine motor behavior
- Suppress unwanted motor behaviors
- Sets the body anxiety level
- Mediates pleasure / ecstasy
Problems with Basal Ganglia:
- Anxiety, nervousness
- Panic attacks
- Physical sensations of anxiety
- Conflict avoidance
- Tourette’s syndrome/tics
- Muscles tension, soreness
- Tremors
- Fine motor problems
- Headaches
- Low/excessive motivation
Functions of Cingulate System:
- Ability to shift attention
- Cognitive flexibility
- Adaptability
- Movement from ideas to idea
- Ability to see options
- Ability to go with flow
- Ability to cooperate
Problems Cingulate System:
- Worrying
- Holding on to hurts from past
- Getting struck on thoughts (obsessions)
- Getting struck on behaviors (compulsion)
- Oppositional behavior
- Argumentativeness
- Uncooperativeness: Tendency to automatically say it
- Addictive behavior (alcohol,drug,eating disorder)
- Chronic pain
- Cognitive flexibility
- Obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD)
- Eating disorders
- Road rage
Problems Cingulate System:
- Worrying
- Holding on to hurts from past
- Getting struck on thoughts (obsessions)
- Getting struck on behaviors (compulsion)
- Oppositional behavior
- Argumentativeness
- Uncooperativeness: Tendency to automatically say it
- Chronic pain
- Addictive behavior (alcohol/drug/eating disorder)
- Cognitive flexibility
- Obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD)
- Eating disorders
Functions of:
- Set the emotional tone of the mind
- Filters external events through internal states
- Tags events as internally important
- Modulates motivation
- Oppositional behavior
- Argumentativeness
- Uncooperativeness: Tendency to automatically say it
- Addictive behavior (alcohol,drug,eating disorder)
- Stores highly charged emotional memories
- Controls appetite
- Promotes bonding
- Modulates libido
- Directly processes the sense of smell
Problems in the Deep Limbic System:
- Moodiness, irritability, clinical depression
- Increased negative thinking
- Neg. perception of events
- Flood of neg. emotions
- Appetite and sleep problems
- Decreased or increased sexual responsiveness
- Social isolation
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